The risk of forest fires in Europe is increased by heat waves occurring earlier than usual and drought. Experts say this could be a consequence of climate change.
Prolonged drought in several Mediterranean countries, last week's heatwave that has spread to northern Germany and the steep rise in fuel costs for planes used to fight wildfires are issues. are raising concerns across Europe this summer. And it's only June now.
"Much of the continent is in a dry state," said Cathelijne Stoof, Professor of Environmental Sciences at the Netherlands' Wageningen University. She also said that the prospect of bushfires is becoming more of a challenge across Europe.
Fires last summer burned more than 11,000 square kilometers of land. It is estimated that about half of the damage area belongs to the countries of the European Union.
Wildfires in Europe are now not just a problem for the southern countries of the continent, experts say.
"What scientists are warning us is that fires are clearly moving north and in countries like Great Britain, Germany, Scandinavia. In the future, wildfires are likely to be frequent. more," warned Catherine Gamper, an expert at the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
The forest fires in Spain began with the arrival of the earliest heatwave in two decades in the spring. Temperatures have risen above 40 degrees Celsius in many Spanish cities, equivalent to the mark usually recorded in August.
Neighboring Portugal recorded its hottest May in nine decades. In France, last May also had the hottest temperature on record.
The World Meteorological Organization said last week: "As a result of climate change, heat waves are starting earlier and becoming more frequent and more severe. What we are seeing today. Now is a forecast for the future".
Although Europe has planned, implemented monitoring, early warning and prediction models, preparing to respond to wildfires remains a major challenge. The EU is expanding a fleet of aircraft and helicopters for cross-border support and is expected to cooperate with many countries outside the bloc.
"It's very difficult to predict wildfires," said Marta Arbinolo, a climate resilience and adaptation expert. "The summer of 2022 is predicted to be exceptionally hot and dry, possibly even more than 2020 or 2021, and the driest and hottest summer in Europe. We can predict that the risk of wildfires is in the region. Europe in the summer can be very high," she said.
In Greece, which suffered some of Europe's fiercest fires last August, authorities say soaring fuel costs for bushfire operations have increased the challenge for firefighting forces. firefighters, which rely heavily on water jet planes to put out fires.
The duration of forest fires is also getting longer and longer. "The concept of forest fire season is no longer meaningful. Wildfires happen all year round," said Victor Resco de Dios, professor of forest engineering at the University of Lleida, Spain.
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